The signing of the Abraham Accords marks an unprecedented move toward regional and global peace. However, a single, unified agreement signed by all parties does not exist, revealing significant gaps that need addressing.
The Magna Carta, signed in 1215 by the King of England, limited royal power and laid the foundation for modern European concepts of human rights and constitutional law. In contrast, today’s international treaties typically require all signatories to fully understand, accept, and commit to the terms agreed upon.
A comparison between Western international conventions and Islamic law uncovers critical foundational contradictions, complicating mutual understanding and enforcement of agreements like the Abraham Accords.
There is renewed momentum to include more Arab countries in the Abraham Accords, especially following the Gaza ceasefire. As of November 7, Kazakhstan has joined, attributing progress to the U.S. Trump Administration and Israel Government’s military determination.
The original Accords require careful reevaluation because there is no single, consistent document signed by all parties. Michel Calvo highlights this in his Jerusalem Center for Security and Foreign Affairs paper (August 5, 2025),
“Will More Countries Reconsider Their Core Beliefs and Sign the Abraham Accords?”He notes some signed Accords are four pages long, others are one-page declarations, and some versions are unsigned by all involved.
The Abraham Accords are a historic step forward but need harmonization and clarity to achieve lasting, inclusive peace and cooperation across diverse legal and cultural frameworks.