Centuries of Black Death Misinformation Started with a Poem
A 14th century literary tale has shaped centuries of misunderstanding about the spread of the Black Death. Historians from the University of Exeter suggest in the Journal of Arabic and Islamic Studies that the plague’s movement across Europe was far slower than traditionally believed.
“A 14th century trickster tale was misread as fact,” note the researchers.
The bubonic plague, caused by Yersinia pestis, left a lasting mark on Europe’s history, yet the details of its origins remain uncertain. For generations, many thought it originated in China and quickly swept west through the Silk Road within a few years.
Recent palaeogenetic studies point to Central Asia as a more likely source. Despite this, the so-called “Quick Transit Theory” still dominates discussions, claiming the Black Death reached the Black Sea within a decade by the 1340s.
The study argues the key evidence behind the “Quick Transit Theory” stems not from biological data but from a misinterpreted medieval story.
Modern Parallels in Misinformation
The persistence of false ideas about the Black Death mirrors current challenges in public health communication. As noted in the article, misinformation about COVID-19 continues to hinder understanding even years after its emergence.
Continuing Lessons
- Historical myths can outlast the evidence that disproves them.
- Literary works may unintentionally shape scientific narratives.
- Accurate interpretation of primary sources is essential for long-term understanding.
Author’s summary: Misread medieval fiction fueled centuries of myths about the Black Death’s speed and spread, revealing how misinformation can outlive both fact and time.